A political party is a formal faction that exists to contest leadership of a political unit, e.g. a country or region. It serves several important purposes:
consensus democracy: to gain the assent of at least some portion of the public for a set of difficult decisions that would otherwise lead to conflict, probably violent conflict - narrowing many possible platform proposals down to a few to be advanced in the media and election.
participatory democracy: to coordinate and synchronize actions of many people at once to achieve a common goal, whatever that goal may be
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